{"id":"W4207037041","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.01.014","title":"Challenges, opportunities and future directions in hydrogen sector development in Canada","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","topic":"Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems","field":"Energy","cited_by":120,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Fossil fuel; Environmental science; Natural gas; Coal; Waste management; Hydrogen production; Petroleum; Combustion; Energy source; Global warming; Natural resource economics; Hydrogen; Climate change; Engineering; Chemistry; Economics; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002310866,0.0003233804,0.0003945675,0.001441119,0.006789781,0.007677538,0.001709505,0.001911558,0.01272242],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003751382,0.0002778826,0.0005668336,0.003330919,0.001684118,0.001986542,0.001806629,0.002318075,0.0007041338],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.131244,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.4946863,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9961217,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9981394,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966793,0.0001973923,0.00008776273,0.0001379816,0.0009592682,0.001938184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9929558,0.0004081517,0.0001905212,0.00005527463,0.0038987,0.002491466],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000902174,0.0006102304,0.09589574,0.002021352,0.0001808854,0.00244256,0.006351245,0.009022603,0.005137899,0.254615,0.2824782,0.3403421],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002270052,0.0002345963,0.1044153,0.001374158,0.0001264014,0.0003061326,0.04223317,0.008796187,0.004083977,0.01562886,0.8223302,0.0002439792],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2856523,0.03396887,0.002728062,0.458714,0.002008425,0.0003650861,0.006072877,0.0003254731,0.2101649],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.825077,0.03125779,0.008232938,0.0190077,0.000205379,0.0001007316,0.002193777,0.0000771729,0.1138476],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.131244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9522467,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02814255437151374,"score_gpt":0.2214533788482309,"score_spread":0.1933108244767172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}