{"id":"W4210505661","doi":"10.1111/imig.12976","title":"Who are Canada’s temporary foreign workers? Policy evolution and a pandemic reality","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Migration","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Temporary work; Context (archaeology); Citizenship; Work (physics); Inequality; Pandemic; Economic shortage; Political science; Social policy; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Migrant workers; Demographic economics; Economic growth; Labour economics; Economics; Geography; Law; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004122945,0.000069036,0.0000762173,0.0001516824,0.0005754187,0.00006419019,0.000155025,0.00003698124,0.0002049441],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001987411,0.00007770319,0.00002554375,0.0003094066,0.00005362696,0.0002269905,0.00004873826,0.0001231126,0.000001228272],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001394358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001315862,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8924425,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9898388,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987612,0.0001899156,0.0001829771,0.0001721344,0.0005673384,0.00012641],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995105,0.00005486511,0.0001587273,0.00007753197,0.0001278437,0.00007052544],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000358794,0.00002721801,0.7437112,0.000002964377,0.00001948483,0.000003062557,0.003174593,0.0007388387,0.00003469807,0.2085982,0.0423714,0.001282409],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004663526,0.00003320645,0.3219268,0.00002603973,0.00001158032,0.000009357789,0.06290047,0.02017013,0.000004843329,0.0155283,0.5786375,0.0002854566],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9340535,0.0001337041,0.001700058,0.03473443,0.0004745062,0.0002785666,0.000243917,0.00008302925,0.0282983],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9907772,0.00007176318,0.00003355863,0.0007235679,0.0003076905,0.00003773825,0.0001475219,0.000005809919,0.007895158],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5362661,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4425713,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0207994465204091,"score_gpt":0.2968336309701948,"score_spread":0.2760341844497857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}