{"id":"W4210515100","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-92662-5_3","title":"Rare-Earth Element Adsorption to Gypsum in Hydrometallurgical Processes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"The minerals, metals & materials series","topic":"Extraction and Separation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Gypsum; Impurity; Reagent; Precipitation; Lime; Extraction (chemistry); Adsorption; Sulfate; Chemistry; Rare earth; Inorganic chemistry; Metallurgy; Mineralogy; Materials science; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000797685,0.0003463615,0.0004010023,0.0002149535,0.0003019517,0.0004976051,0.000400221,0.0004034673,0.002845843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004915628,0.0002140826,0.0002517341,0.0005208229,0.0003006324,0.000633788,0.0004267366,0.0004753218,0.001451486],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000560784,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000206951,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001161211,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003172006,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999597,0.00000379677,0.000001369426,0.000008102487,0.00001882574,0.000008209372],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999925,0.000004213768,4.977564e-7,0.000001142377,0.000001087098,6.396477e-7],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001136319,0.0001795995,0.0001666429,0.002105154,0.00003482445,0.0005959799,0.000581351,0.007456864,0.6477513,0.08558948,0.0156801,0.2397451],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001808375,0.0002206664,0.001179173,0.0002016268,0.00003120914,0.0006460714,0.0002052624,0.00704324,0.5040992,0.01990175,0.4664244,0.00002929926],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3233037,0.2487495,0.03547705,0.002163598,0.001943312,0.0001558218,0.0003482781,0.0005175769,0.3873411],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.422093,0.1174676,0.01201361,0.000596113,0.0003293931,0.00009036248,0.0004045716,0.0001981706,0.4468071],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002845843,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009520352,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01994341526734817,"score_gpt":0.2368925759077077,"score_spread":0.2169491606403595,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}