{"id":"W4210695280","doi":"10.1093/brain/awac016","title":"How patients with multiple sclerosis acquire disability","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Brain","topic":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","field":"Medicine","cited_by":528,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital","funders":"EMD Serono; MedDay Pharmaceuticals; Idorsia Pharmaceuticals; Schweizerische Multiple Sklerose Gesellschaft; Multiple Sclerosis Society; Argenx; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; Atara Biotherapeutics; Acorda Therapeutics; Sanofi; GW Pharmaceuticals; Gemeinnützige Hertie-Stiftung; National Institutes of Health; Mylan; TG Therapeutics; F. Hoffmann-La Roche; Alexion Pharmaceuticals; Jazz Pharmaceuticals; Teva Pharmaceutical Industries; Celgene; Biogen; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Genentech; National Multiple Sclerosis Society; GlaxoSmithKline; AstraZeneca; Bristol-Myers Squibb; European Commission","keywords":"Medicine; Multiple sclerosis; Expanded Disability Status Scale; Hazard ratio; Clinical trial; Disease; Placebo; Physical therapy; Proportional hazards model; Internal medicine; Observational study; Clinical endpoint; Pediatrics; Confidence interval; Psychiatry; Pathology; Alternative medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002877799,0.0002518801,0.0005630841,0.0008447301,0.0002596061,0.001778655,0.0004450321,0.0005813595,0.00295129],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01523047,0.0002618084,0.001450714,0.00111185,0.0003707209,0.001616415,0.0009087819,0.001017789,0.000451574],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005829586,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005764911,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004059108,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004655733,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969646,0.001296131,0.0002785944,0.0008445742,0.0003042988,0.0003117858],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9928989,0.003198701,0.002662184,0.0006153462,0.0002934769,0.0003313901],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007323003,0.00007452993,0.9394534,0.0002456463,0.001200374,0.0001965167,0.0003554912,0.006273319,0.0004405248,0.001515,0.001823253,0.04768968],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009823462,0.0004411968,0.9724409,0.000207951,0.0005873569,0.001309479,0.0004749163,0.01170368,0.0004158827,0.007549547,0.004704596,0.00006623847],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.981327,0.004827508,0.002904459,0.002146912,0.00004287124,0.00006744438,0.005537543,0.00007418996,0.003072104],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968004,0.0006533779,0.0003859515,0.0002055818,0.00002429609,0.00001761401,0.001553078,0.00000875049,0.0003510017],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004059108,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01521945,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05268084403594389,"score_gpt":0.2718117631364501,"score_spread":0.2191309191005062,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}