{"id":"W4210695280","doi":"10.1093/brain/awac016","title":"How patients with multiple sclerosis acquire disability","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Brain","topic":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","field":"Medicine","cited_by":528,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital","funders":"EMD Serono; MedDay Pharmaceuticals; Idorsia Pharmaceuticals; Schweizerische Multiple Sklerose Gesellschaft; Multiple Sclerosis Society; Argenx; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; Atara Biotherapeutics; Acorda Therapeutics; Sanofi; GW Pharmaceuticals; Gemeinnützige Hertie-Stiftung; National Institutes of Health; Mylan; TG Therapeutics; F. Hoffmann-La Roche; Alexion Pharmaceuticals; Jazz Pharmaceuticals; Teva Pharmaceutical Industries; Celgene; Biogen; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Genentech; National Multiple Sclerosis Society; GlaxoSmithKline; AstraZeneca; Bristol-Myers Squibb; European Commission","keywords":"Medicine; Multiple sclerosis; Expanded Disability Status Scale; Hazard ratio; Clinical trial; Disease; Placebo; Physical therapy; Proportional hazards model; Internal medicine; Observational study; Clinical endpoint; Pediatrics; Confidence interval; Psychiatry; Pathology; Alternative medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002960048,0.0001535661,0.0002675941,0.0000486098,0.0004321543,0.00003522506,0.0001521397,0.00002472433,0.0003512568],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001262121,0.0001161602,0.00008380673,0.0003302809,0.0002829259,0.000104728,0.0003960306,0.0002455938,0.000009841624],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002841524,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004601673,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008611436,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008499265,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980246,0.0001572951,0.0001363735,0.0003897947,0.0009040986,0.0003878068],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988557,0.0003319587,0.0000532777,0.000480588,0.0001081375,0.0001703743],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005185723,0.0007706096,0.949404,0.00005537878,0.00007642809,0.000003315675,0.0003614915,0.000006501555,0.001848519,0.00001055758,0.01453979,0.03240481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004148284,0.0005973564,0.9632941,0.00002607477,0.00001480828,9.76123e-7,0.0006802031,0.0001853014,0.0002090803,0.000005313189,0.0307076,0.000130921],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9813144,0.00004902697,0.00003879243,0.01692403,0.0000675534,0.0009829453,0.0001682995,0.0000946236,0.0003602777],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969927,0.000006224684,0.0005839484,0.0006603455,0.00007272349,0.0003638542,0.0001077156,0.00002957202,0.001182881],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03227389,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4736875,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05268084403594389,"score_gpt":0.2718117631364501,"score_spread":0.2191309191005062,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}