{"id":"W4210975464","doi":"10.1007/s10603-021-09501-4","title":"The Impact of Tax Refund Delays on the Experience of Hardship Among Lower-Income Households","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Consumer Policy","topic":"Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Annie E. Casey Foundation","keywords":"Earned income tax credit; Internal revenue; Payment; Debt; Business; Quarter (Canadian coin); Revenue; Labour economics; Income tax; Service (business); Tax credit; Economics; Finance; Public economics; Marketing","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001152137,0.0001526479,0.0003210387,0.0007200866,0.003183366,0.002062408,0.0005758514,0.001083474,0.008884941],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008242308,0.00024125,0.0004426242,0.0009937297,0.001090977,0.001434412,0.002479493,0.002183865,0.0003067393],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002687477,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002143711,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07721271,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1254568,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984694,0.000504738,0.00005444261,0.00005524303,0.00008398225,0.0008321517],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9931123,0.001714855,0.002057734,0.0001551211,0.0006502881,0.002309744],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001062767,0.001502793,0.9399118,0.00005728074,0.00009622589,0.0009365746,0.03153847,0.0004208938,0.0002499694,0.002520819,0.002470498,0.01923186],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002190775,0.0002585546,0.8780645,0.00006660686,0.00003021149,0.0001557054,0.1178085,0.0002256752,0.0000695359,0.0005167122,0.00275549,0.00002650204],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965114,0.0001205825,0.000009414577,0.001138421,0.00001486066,0.000004885919,0.00009044413,7.057493e-7,0.002109241],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994233,0.00008328311,0.000006938237,0.00006762621,0.000008169972,0.00000356137,0.00003536135,6.326618e-7,0.0003711601],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07721271,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1535265,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03487271767497859,"score_gpt":0.3355199652948359,"score_spread":0.3006472476198573,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}