{"id":"W4212841241","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-12051-5_14","title":"Nanoparticles for Cleaning up Oil Sands Process-Affected Water","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Lecture notes in nanoscale science and technology","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Oil sands; Tailings; Steam-assisted gravity drainage; Environmental science; Waste management; Asphalt; Flocculation; Extraction (chemistry); Produced water; Petroleum engineering; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Metallurgy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008961821,0.0004066248,0.0002782235,0.0002791441,0.0002046643,0.0004237229,0.0003280615,0.0004665377,0.002072102],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009785173,0.0002087642,0.0003142429,0.0001577212,0.0001430097,0.0003731831,0.000371737,0.0005491318,0.001263467],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003126379,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001787205,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006254822,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002217196,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998788,0.000006399524,0.000004917798,0.00002647247,0.00006638939,0.00001709814],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999745,0.000007480763,0.000003262,0.000002958311,0.000009370352,0.00000246933],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003280926,0.00002861893,0.00004166997,0.000313068,0.00001015248,0.00007138822,0.00004454496,0.000347868,0.9606538,0.001155236,0.001239527,0.03606127],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003002711,0.0000629576,0.0001323668,0.00001458589,0.0000122206,0.00006757219,0.00002121263,0.001276949,0.977383,0.0001870228,0.02083542,0.000003681965],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5322987,0.06764916,0.2241194,0.001877961,0.002817472,0.0005230755,0.0007394319,0.002241921,0.167733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6507258,0.02033024,0.06126996,0.0006132952,0.0001636867,0.0001631053,0.0005216394,0.0004107061,0.2658017],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9993745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006931841,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006851288013957127,"score_gpt":0.2290227777028696,"score_spread":0.2221714896889125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}