{"id":"W4213258976","doi":"10.3982/ecta16756","title":"Unbundling Polarization","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Econometrica","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"","keywords":"Polarization (electrochemistry); Legislature; Voting; Ideology; Status quo; Economics; Politics; Political science; Political economy; Counterfactual thinking; Public economics; Market economy; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001402871,0.00002839675,0.00006120039,0.00005435257,0.0001512732,0.00004992643,0.00006086092,0.00003347632,0.0006124923],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006486647,0.00003006319,0.00002209735,0.000730811,0.0000250396,0.0001309289,0.0000073481,0.0000370756,0.0004503306],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004545617,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003786971,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001465476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001086136,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995314,0.00005065095,0.0001077285,0.00008577942,0.00007106859,0.0001533187],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996632,0.00007447321,0.00003195477,0.00003271804,0.00002499942,0.0001726473],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005062635,0.00002880639,0.3128759,0.00001294839,0.0000134045,8.517892e-7,0.004450059,0.00004987748,0.0002009836,0.6705237,0.002735669,0.009102751],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001981537,0.0001058268,0.05074689,0.000004541287,0.0000108859,7.872607e-8,0.0003690924,0.001307098,0.0001968272,0.004061396,0.9427862,0.0002129753],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6519753,0.0002311427,0.006215424,0.05803832,0.0004172503,0.0003124257,0.000007429428,0.0002470478,0.2825557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981815,0.000002187558,0.00008579143,0.0007805065,0.0004618747,0.000002919401,0.000002560601,0.000003371556,0.0004793244],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9400505,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6706361,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09852772653662795,"score_gpt":0.3376070245204815,"score_spread":0.2390792979838535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}