{"id":"W4213258976","doi":"10.3982/ecta16756","title":"Unbundling Polarization","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Econometrica","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"","keywords":"Polarization (electrochemistry); Legislature; Voting; Ideology; Status quo; Economics; Politics; Political science; Political economy; Counterfactual thinking; Public economics; Market economy; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00321817,0.0002958358,0.0005261602,0.001167576,0.001679497,0.003434766,0.000481166,0.0007547713,0.01189675],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01192383,0.0003094878,0.0007273902,0.00187055,0.001885077,0.003842759,0.003449597,0.001590549,0.001518479],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001338006,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001286278,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001844089,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001738263,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963116,0.00134349,0.0001247085,0.0007082946,0.0007200193,0.0007919322],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9924932,0.002412138,0.001671994,0.002290691,0.0007850723,0.0003469619],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001458279,0.000118712,0.06423303,0.0001268691,0.0001005179,0.0002331701,0.001917566,0.01242586,0.004953173,0.8119084,0.00392634,0.09991053],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004574293,0.0001912556,0.06628926,0.0001687359,0.0001046072,0.0006641535,0.002538179,0.04692231,0.006820206,0.7770272,0.09914722,0.00008110429],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6503303,0.0008235873,0.1584331,0.003286633,0.0002093799,0.0001193885,0.001034973,0.0002322809,0.1855303],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.988203,0.0002466052,0.005244025,0.000207966,0.00008423351,0.00004203576,0.0002502518,0.0000427423,0.00567913],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01189675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03979862,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09852772653662795,"score_gpt":0.3376070245204815,"score_spread":0.2390792979838535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}