{"id":"W4213273108","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202142911","title":"The LOFAR view of giant, early-type galaxies: Radio emission from active nuclei and star formation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Astronomy and Astrophysics","topic":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Planetary Science Division; Science and Technology Facilities Council; Observatoire de Paris, Université de Recherche Paris Sciences et Lettres; Science Mission Directorate; DST-NRF Centre Of Excellence In Tree Health Biotechnology; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; University of Edinburgh; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie; Gauss Centre for Supercomputing; Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem; Ministerium für Innovation, Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen; Durham University; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Max-Planck-Gesellschaft; Queen's University; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Space Telescope Science Institute; National Central University; Queen's University Belfast; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; University of Hertfordshire; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; Los Alamos National Laboratory; Johns Hopkins University; Université d'Orléans; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Smithsonian Institution; Science Foundation Ireland; National Science Foundation","keywords":"LOFAR; Physics; Astrophysics; Star formation; Luminosity; Stars; Galaxy; Astronomy; Spectral index; Radio telescope; Spectral line","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003768767,0.0002953877,0.0001250129,0.001304857,0.0001851858,0.000680014,0.0002664786,0.0001788933,0.001536491],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000673592,0.0001261849,0.0001216846,0.0004299478,0.0003909399,0.0007547587,0.0003302368,0.0002316243,0.0003393026],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000240307,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006687003,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001649142,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002987654,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999034,0.00002641646,0.000004800405,0.00002459316,0.00001546914,0.00002523565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995027,0.00009681543,0.0001801659,0.00004854546,0.00004148213,0.0001304077],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002700909,0.00006808041,0.9435028,0.00009512853,0.00006122718,0.0005912462,0.0009520787,0.0003561699,0.01909871,0.001876616,0.001044018,0.03208387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004614406,0.00004507782,0.9961128,0.00001309282,0.00001677249,0.0006360995,0.0002063602,0.0002812647,0.0004618989,0.0004099938,0.001807004,0.000005010333],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.98781,0.001604088,0.001982338,0.0002106723,0.00000924747,0.00000887069,0.000356417,0.00004223809,0.007976036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964722,0.0003351241,0.001507649,0.00009573186,0.0000414889,0.000007581276,0.0003496965,0.00000844074,0.00118202],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001649142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005140066,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005980701965282526,"score_gpt":0.1898579383400625,"score_spread":0.18387723637478,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}