{"id":"W4213278171","doi":"10.1093/ornithapp/duac007","title":"Avian botulism is a primary, year-round threat to adult survival in the endangered Hawaiian Duck on Kaua‘i, Hawai‘i, USA","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ornithological applications","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute for Wetland and Waterfowl Research, Ducks Unlimited Canada; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; California Waterfowl Association; U.S. Geological Survey; Oregon State University","keywords":"Anas; Endangered species; Biology; Predation; Population; Demography; Ecology; Abiotic component; Vital rates; Survivorship curve; Botulism; Range (aeronautics); Outbreak; Zoology; Geography; Habitat; Population growth","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000190863,0.0001741841,0.00008509904,0.0003402629,0.0002955877,0.0003217367,0.0001587016,0.0001386411,0.000582755],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036204,0.0000924139,0.0001294946,0.0002113601,0.0002020664,0.0001950694,0.0002147223,0.0001794491,0.00005975028],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004835704,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002435204,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04883388,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1708895,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999191,0.00001523801,0.000008444716,0.00001916674,0.0000168574,0.0000212048],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996212,0.00003878298,0.0001843803,0.00001344662,0.00006732048,0.00007491851],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001436016,0.00001472559,0.9967109,0.00001121862,0.0000210275,0.0001007191,0.0001623794,0.00006659824,0.001208932,0.00000596736,0.00007355974,0.001609532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[3.918409e-7,0.00001993552,0.9993014,0.000003690455,0.000005753609,0.00003478807,0.0003680832,0.0001349661,0.00005424553,0.000003333947,0.00007258765,8.500911e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9996891,0.0000433381,0.00002153955,0.00001508096,9.791962e-7,0.000001916272,0.00006964937,0.000001508417,0.0001569932],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997037,0.00004085369,0.00004390542,0.0000102739,0.000001138582,0.000002437279,0.00009179694,3.311513e-7,0.000105491],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04883388,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09709924,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02540538356684514,"score_gpt":0.2656400587638689,"score_spread":0.2402346751970238,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}