{"id":"W4213325660","doi":"10.3390/s22041592","title":"Determination of Drugs in Clinical Trials: Current Status and Outlook","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Sensors","topic":"Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Clinical trial; Medicine; Drug; Intensive care medicine; Pharmacology; Medical physics; Biochemical engineering; Internal medicine; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00798396,0.000312824,0.003102807,0.0001755536,0.00002421823,0.00001373751,0.0002191988,0.0003308922,0.001821466],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01820563,0.000263982,0.0007087755,0.0002248206,0.0002098705,0.00002252143,0.0002433972,0.001438915,0.00001108059],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001701863,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001945214,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004255517,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.694942e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9921657,0.003548468,0.003004749,0.0005586177,0.0003906731,0.0003318341],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.981378,0.01697301,0.00104046,0.0003889811,0.00002867055,0.0001909453],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001377099,0.00009384358,0.00003907188,0.0122204,0.0000481996,0.00000601487,0.00004615929,1.686665e-7,2.3294e-7,0.0001132357,0.00001699324,0.9874019],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003922612,0.00001390857,0.00000167137,0.002588711,0.001044967,0.000003818196,0.00006895456,0.0004474436,0.000008112291,0.0004255883,0.9947618,0.0002427785],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001788038,0.9966555,0.00002122568,0.00000673303,0.0003727845,0.0002915653,0.000121529,0.00002284142,0.002329003],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00000870124,0.9976821,0.001726046,0.000006362553,0.0001961746,0.00004060426,0.00003774947,0.00004360165,0.0002586386],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9947448,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999812,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.4575945076163762,"score_gpt":0.6019412473149922,"score_spread":0.144346739698616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}