{"id":"W4214734771","doi":"10.1016/j.tust.2022.104440","title":"Evaluation and comparison of different detection technologies on simulated voids near buried pipes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology","topic":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Ground-penetrating radar; Void (composites); Nondestructive testing; Thermography; Geotechnical engineering; Radar; Structural engineering; Geology; Materials science; Engineering; Composite material; Infrared; Optics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001011112,0.0006049082,0.0004853531,0.0009936894,0.0003202375,0.0005889704,0.0007774761,0.001048378,0.0007913611],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003106234,0.0002700831,0.0003580209,0.0005780846,0.0004105322,0.0008673531,0.0005270495,0.0002350143,0.0001573003],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004885973,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003583606,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001722808,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00191477,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994635,0.0001334866,0.00002600268,0.0001054,0.0001955822,0.00007604901],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972264,0.001474553,0.0001887302,0.0001280342,0.0009027245,0.00007937731],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004061516,0.0007712303,0.04316019,0.0009271928,0.0001773779,0.0005803044,0.0006673783,0.4125732,0.3313518,0.001730543,0.0009232523,0.203076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005045141,0.001281169,0.01154248,0.00003301803,0.0001159229,0.0001948247,0.0003215618,0.8213384,0.163891,0.0003681713,0.0008146344,0.00004846898],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8921002,0.0003285101,0.1058031,0.00004142411,0.00004793582,0.00005708563,0.0001374127,0.0005588817,0.0009254497],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9799903,0.0001268728,0.01930161,0.00001092213,0.000004644922,0.00001734457,0.0000745068,0.00002267683,0.0004511399],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001722808,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005347371,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02287189579423126,"score_gpt":0.2872736569006125,"score_spread":0.2644017611063813,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}