{"id":"W4214758501","doi":"10.17578/15-3/4-1","title":"Corporate Finance Practices in Canada: Where Do We Stand?","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Multinational Finance Journal","topic":"Capital Investment and Risk Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University; Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Capital budgeting; Cost of capital; Weighted average cost of capital; Corporate finance; Capital structure; Economic capital; Finance; Return on capital; Economics; Capital adequacy ratio; Financial capital; Internal rate of return; Modified internal rate of return; Business; Project appraisal; Individual capital; Microeconomics; Capital formation; Return on investment; Production (economics); Investment performance","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005927755,0.0001719479,0.0003484058,0.0002677735,0.0001742542,0.0000783311,0.0002974727,0.00006575609,0.0008102409],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001785899,0.0001794221,0.0001024539,0.0004368587,0.00004861821,0.0007181566,0.00004082438,0.0003818017,0.0001314486],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007241475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005981594,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1614616,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3689898,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983991,0.00002726084,0.0008090556,0.0003136958,0.0001254063,0.0003255314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971842,0.00006426973,0.002399684,0.0001655059,0.0001247982,0.00006153023],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006785425,0.0002164419,0.4639037,0.00002476957,0.00005933152,0.0001828456,0.0008306982,0.0009053722,0.00000615819,0.5236529,0.007291474,0.002858512],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001224142,0.00006368899,0.6917778,0.0001391455,0.00001121704,0.00005963766,0.0003807792,0.01373182,0.00006146423,0.148192,0.1438945,0.0004639025],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7959696,0.1953146,0.0001886548,0.002352041,0.0007475369,0.0001435236,0.0001518443,0.000009382521,0.005122784],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9091496,0.08399252,0.003917331,0.00007718112,0.0001308259,0.00001383501,0.000003858022,0.0000178441,0.002696948],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3754608,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.887157,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09825484856742071,"score_gpt":0.23773327845622,"score_spread":0.1394784298887993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}