{"id":"W4214886415","doi":"10.2147/copd.s336158","title":"Disease Burden and Healthcare Utilization Among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in England","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of COPD","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Impact","funders":"GlaxoSmithKline; American Thoracic Society","keywords":"Medicine; Lama; COPD; Exacerbation; Internal medicine; Medical record; Regimen; Inhaler; Corticosteroid; Maintenance therapy; Pediatrics; Asthma; Physical therapy; Chemotherapy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007938097,0.0002029248,0.0005671816,0.001023504,0.0003533355,0.0009869701,0.0004776646,0.0004489571,0.001364251],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004057963,0.000361471,0.0005537413,0.001897829,0.0003120524,0.001297996,0.001343043,0.0004868644,0.0002125395],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001369811,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008117402,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07811021,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07279435,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985061,0.0004155287,0.0004013421,0.0002476654,0.000235533,0.0001937309],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963868,0.000380533,0.002377953,0.0001266273,0.0003576138,0.0003705508],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004565408,0.00001902227,0.9980598,0.00008097964,0.00005928118,0.00009806427,0.0002919311,0.00004281627,0.00008138501,0.00004056811,0.0003213506,0.0008590767],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007374419,0.00002921475,0.9989154,0.00004960652,0.00001821095,0.0001408636,0.0003898699,0.000103843,0.00001244484,0.00001750207,0.0003110011,0.000004641701],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912097,0.00227707,0.00007447622,0.0005383036,0.0000115784,0.00003576767,0.005215364,0.000003694106,0.0006340027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996897,0.0008564562,0.00007921567,0.000170189,0.00001520219,0.00003407014,0.001768277,0.000001279496,0.0001783415],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07811021,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1553111,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01563901075720545,"score_gpt":0.2934500844772467,"score_spread":0.2778110737200412,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}