{"id":"W4220727497","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciac234","title":"Effects of Confounding Bias in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Test-Negative Designs Due to Correlated Influenza and COVID-19 Vaccination Behaviors","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":118,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; MD Precision (Canada)","funders":"Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences","keywords":"Medicine; Confounding; Vaccination; Influenza vaccine; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Immunology; Disease; Internal medicine; Infectious disease (medical specialty)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.2941616,0.001972345,0.001882423,0.001046703,0.001219295,0.002603936,0.002702311,0.003248018,0.00464636],"category_scores_gemma":[0.3567699,0.001154433,0.008567471,0.0009626225,0.004206348,0.001592599,0.002740963,0.002770659,0.0004779898],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0031699,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004765938,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004620029,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003079716,"domain_scores_codex":[0.7269395,0.2453731,0.007489063,0.01151461,0.006672616,0.00201115],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.5640193,0.3642229,0.0397128,0.02224138,0.008282753,0.001520883],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"methods","domain_candidate":"methods","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0470907,0.001409035,0.4230855,0.008007451,0.04180955,0.00137628,0.004552731,0.196581,0.005900859,0.1274444,0.008443381,0.1342991],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02861117,0.03332815,0.1956001,0.00738342,0.04659031,0.002235093,0.001178646,0.3438041,0.02632538,0.2609627,0.0530766,0.0009044124],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5410438,0.01347446,0.4055242,0.004705226,0.002240025,0.0157626,0.004310965,0.000718377,0.01222031],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.911631,0.0005676681,0.0734579,0.001898241,0.0001234062,0.009545067,0.0008247755,0.00006492269,0.001886951],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7058383,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8704244,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1560593693692383,"score_gpt":0.4861383509246068,"score_spread":0.3300789815553685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}