{"id":"W4220729612","doi":"10.31234/osf.io/daktp","title":"Cognates are advantaged over non-cognates in early bilingual expressive vocabulary development","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Language Development and Disorders","field":"Psychology","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"National Institutes of Health; Concordia University","keywords":"Cognate; Vocabulary; Linguistics; Psychology; Neuroscience of multilingualism; Vocabulary development; BATES","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006612769,0.0002184811,0.0003277455,0.00100723,0.000315935,0.0007823812,0.0001109311,0.0001992519,0.001738437],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00199044,0.0001976013,0.0002279524,0.0002875104,0.0004712016,0.0005527407,0.0006075343,0.0002059096,0.0003434426],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000294594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004732758,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005391866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009770206,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994596,0.00009282649,0.00005091529,0.000137711,0.0001390061,0.000119999],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988098,0.0003355457,0.0004155738,0.00009740991,0.0001579895,0.0001836803],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001457377,0.000305373,0.8154757,0.00009624645,0.00006885137,0.002541299,0.01037232,0.00006341156,0.129911,0.000466081,0.0001881081,0.03905417],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000733728,0.0002658948,0.9916975,0.00001267176,0.00002468236,0.001470472,0.001609866,0.00003802483,0.004213299,0.0001249698,0.0005267618,0.000008480249],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989529,0.0001122702,0.00003026432,0.00000865894,0.000001534285,0.000001505648,0.00003710425,0.000003763933,0.0008519227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993533,0.00009239068,0.00006458206,0.00000869756,0.00000130107,0.00000307602,0.00004599337,0.000004320964,0.0004262673],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005391866,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01072097,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01624797780644295,"score_gpt":0.3133875208258843,"score_spread":0.2971395430194414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}