{"id":"W4220950017","doi":"10.5194/egusphere-egu22-13337","title":"Methane emissions from upstream oil and gas production in Canada are underestimated","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; St. Francis Xavier University","funders":"","keywords":"Upstream (networking); Methane emissions; Emission intensity; Methane; Environmental science; Greenhouse gas; Production (economics); Natural gas; Submarine pipeline; Emission inventory; Fossil fuel; Geography; Chemistry; Air quality index; Meteorology; Economics; Oceanography; Engineering; Waste management; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008778818,0.0006353644,0.0003732117,0.001880139,0.00164084,0.001980203,0.000798381,0.000315885,0.00138463],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002753288,0.0003364804,0.0006837496,0.005753743,0.0005974148,0.0008720102,0.000819588,0.0005039393,0.0003302613],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.03092709,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0367992,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9962577,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9970191,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983802,0.00007440481,0.00005697942,0.0002262169,0.0009286704,0.0003335009],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973997,0.0001462676,0.0003426227,0.0001077728,0.001883361,0.0001201996],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002201606,0.00002769213,0.8348238,0.0005533781,0.0004567876,0.0004067981,0.001822031,0.01858841,0.006065611,0.003685423,0.02194942,0.1114004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001661971,0.00002118755,0.9352152,0.0003079687,0.0002167426,0.0001630274,0.002835008,0.01464832,0.00735944,0.0009334441,0.03819848,0.00008468792],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9103919,0.005662325,0.00973092,0.003714164,0.0001159949,0.00006941435,0.03555172,0.0006093953,0.03415414],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9811261,0.002942161,0.003366124,0.0004080647,0.000012509,0.00001568372,0.007018946,0.0000878195,0.00502257],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03092709,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2243928,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01062754855769373,"score_gpt":0.2065225292852633,"score_spread":0.1958949807275695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}