{"id":"W4221014284","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4064965","title":"Labor Substitutability among Schooling Groups","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Employment and Welfare Studies","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Labour economics; Demographic economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009346954,0.0002215583,0.0004400076,0.001787058,0.0006145044,0.0008779973,0.0005434992,0.0004569804,0.03296658],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003526254,0.0001683635,0.0005403967,0.001406839,0.0008078457,0.0007141457,0.001092997,0.0004087624,0.001413044],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008073288,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008195845,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01676201,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02280826,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993155,0.0001588684,0.00003206841,0.00008430694,0.00007433494,0.0003349569],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9924419,0.004674179,0.001330659,0.0004593853,0.0002892386,0.0008047073],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002870496,0.000335238,0.9299403,0.0001207582,0.0002139655,0.0006057919,0.00408604,0.002577102,0.00649209,0.02488651,0.0009735902,0.02689822],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009557953,0.0003781653,0.9820326,0.00003443112,0.00009576675,0.000126858,0.003941199,0.001774522,0.0008933005,0.009500741,0.001115212,0.00001172117],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952976,0.0001390158,0.0001426993,0.000164135,0.000002459101,0.000007238778,0.0003968449,0.000005788245,0.003844186],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982008,0.00003652709,0.00002526972,0.00001770095,0.000004579438,0.000004900311,0.0001742476,0.0000014348,0.001534503],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03296658,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1102842,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02089408880874197,"score_gpt":0.344715769724608,"score_spread":0.323821680915866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}