{"id":"W4221014941","doi":"10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c10466","title":"Anomalous Formation of Irradiation-Induced Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in 5 nm-Sized Detonation Nanodiamonds","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry C","topic":"Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; University of Queensland; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","keywords":"Materials science; Vacancy defect; Electron paramagnetic resonance; Fluence; Annealing (glass); Detonation; Irradiation; Electron beam processing; Nanoparticle; Nitrogen-vacancy center; Semiconductor; Nanotechnology; Chemical physics; Diamond; Optoelectronics; Condensed matter physics; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Chemistry; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008974409,0.00009014125,0.0002200135,0.0000493468,0.00008919153,0.00002440458,0.0003681928,0.00002355664,0.0002183374],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009061845,0.00006857686,0.00008849402,0.0002201656,0.00004323783,0.0001971141,0.0000824054,0.0001896399,0.000003332502],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001822706,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001704222,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003741288,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001203297,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998501,0.0002051175,0.000416211,0.00007720962,0.0006152561,0.0001852234],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990868,0.0001453515,0.0004509254,0.0001428767,0.0001169644,0.00005709795],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002748838,0.0001803973,0.0001059361,0.00005059898,0.000004896899,0.000003964424,0.0005327491,0.00108005,0.9974037,0.0000192217,0.0000455201,0.0002980975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007914309,0.0001290487,0.000601211,0.00001697568,0.0000155972,0.00001726633,0.0003731918,0.00127786,0.9957989,0.0008712734,0.0000384165,0.00006882333],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991736,0.00005152136,0.00001192835,0.000181934,0.0000845722,0.00009091019,0.00002635607,0.000005953037,0.0003732408],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997673,0.000006843538,0.00001797598,0.0000255599,0.0001380049,0.00001081235,0.000007988924,0.000009008208,0.00001649835],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001604779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2796483,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01100149557304776,"score_gpt":0.2500619031018333,"score_spread":0.2390604075287856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}