{"id":"W4223928586","doi":"10.1007/s10479-022-04656-w","title":"Stochastic dominance spanning and augmenting the human development index with institutional quality","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annals of Operations Research","topic":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Edge Hill University","keywords":"Stochastic dominance; Human Development Index; Welfare; Index (typography); Composite index; Economics; Corporate governance; Dominance (genetics); Econometrics; Human development (humanity); Quality (philosophy); Composite indicator; Measure (data warehouse); Mathematics; Public economics; Welfare economics; Computer science; Economic growth; Data mining; Management","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008204288,0.00005083849,0.00009307854,0.00009424305,0.00816909,0.0001142092,0.0002555195,0.00001961938,0.0001713429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004137401,0.00003830743,0.00001630635,0.0004390169,0.0007006644,0.0002111271,0.0002187276,0.0002881187,0.000002305607],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007239985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008579615,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006860739,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004812168,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973967,0.0008521032,0.0002350752,0.0001604086,0.001080669,0.0002750197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999087,0.000205523,0.00003497865,0.0001371531,0.0004845245,0.00005084771],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007116149,0.0002746942,0.02364208,0.00003215524,0.00005333765,0.000002703642,0.08552334,0.01845311,0.0002751439,0.8678669,0.001039154,0.002766209],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002001811,0.0006452863,0.7338268,0.0001743731,0.00001150041,0.000007339699,0.1286556,0.003788035,0.001216883,0.006197481,0.1227407,0.0007341935],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9899627,0.0001099691,0.0008978575,0.002767913,0.00003459723,0.0002914877,0.000007454996,0.000008132868,0.005919884],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982154,0.00001050035,0.0001441681,0.0001387194,0.00006881336,0.0001144933,0.000008206113,0.000003379482,0.001296278],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8616694,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997526,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3365755104872686,"score_gpt":0.5067608231956406,"score_spread":0.1701853127083721,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}