{"id":"W4224223244","doi":"10.1075/sar.21006.mat","title":"The impact of predeparture instruction on pragmatic development during study abroad","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Study Abroad Research in Second Language Acquisition and International Education","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ryukoku University","keywords":"Realization (probability); Test (biology); Intervention (counseling); Context (archaeology); Study abroad; Mathematics education; Psychology; Metacognition; Inductive method; Pedagogy; Linguistics; Teaching method; Cognition; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001298702,0.0005174811,0.0005977369,0.0004922618,0.0008492295,0.0005776401,0.0005305874,0.0004752492,0.002135757],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004912387,0.0001971739,0.0002825953,0.0001837415,0.0005347889,0.0003986432,0.001439133,0.001017337,0.000274161],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004207152,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001538808,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001308264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002669295,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991351,0.0003750011,0.00005024493,0.00009224092,0.0001393661,0.0002080661],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969547,0.001115268,0.0003683928,0.0002224431,0.0002628507,0.001076239],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00626048,0.1056859,0.05330507,0.001491573,0.00009927255,0.002041725,0.04534507,0.000947168,0.05880195,0.0007779829,0.001879715,0.7233641],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003144563,0.1006821,0.7676638,0.0008530922,0.0004356587,0.001985351,0.0413533,0.003067434,0.05799254,0.001845836,0.02074509,0.0002312233],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988888,0.00003887783,0.0002060345,0.00005299232,0.000007712605,0.00007506845,0.00000538077,0.00001923863,0.0007058457],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964287,0.0001251208,0.002214904,0.00004132538,0.00001046291,0.0002251411,0.00002616238,0.00000428847,0.0009238684],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002135757,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007144809,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03908561060625502,"score_gpt":0.4217374036150718,"score_spread":0.3826517930088168,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}