{"id":"W4224248961","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2022.04.022","title":"The effect of laser impingement angle on the optimization of melt pool geometry to improve process stability during high-speed laser welding of thin-gauge automotive steels","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","topic":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","field":"Engineering","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Materials science; Welding; Laser beam welding; Undercut; Keyhole; Mechanical engineering; Laser power scaling; Laser; Consumables; Heat-affected zone; Composite material; Optics; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004557052,0.0003051807,0.0002701454,0.0002050921,0.0002529542,0.0004707845,0.0002716476,0.0003425941,0.001024117],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009472557,0.0002117512,0.0001998381,0.0002472265,0.0002211504,0.000410773,0.0001962914,0.0002039632,0.0001297481],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002103009,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002545209,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004837723,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001185804,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997804,0.00003587102,0.00001936606,0.00005209734,0.00006851241,0.00004382787],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999244,0.000351,0.0002073617,0.00004553656,0.000123122,0.00002900244],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009164664,0.00008197726,0.001576624,0.0001261259,0.00001923107,0.00008917467,0.0001037247,0.0068867,0.9798903,0.0001125411,0.00005874579,0.01013831],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002995483,0.001151628,0.01114911,0.0000102685,0.00005386211,0.00006358096,0.00009637086,0.01240458,0.9746066,0.00002893581,0.0003821401,0.00002280791],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957178,0.0005372339,0.003134955,0.00001816736,0.00001534266,0.000006197678,0.00001664878,0.00003394291,0.0005198196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986047,0.0001116041,0.00109925,0.000004660222,0.000002863095,0.00000192152,0.000007777239,0.0000148858,0.0001524093],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001024117,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003426075,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006565637862720485,"score_gpt":0.2235164888020088,"score_spread":0.2169508509392883,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}