{"id":"W4224937158","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2022.100703","title":"Bionanotechnology: The formation of copper nanoparticles assisted by biological agents and their applications as antimicrobial and antiviral agents","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Nanotechnology Monitoring & Management","topic":"Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Institut Teknologi Bandung","keywords":"Nanobiotechnology; Antimicrobial; Nanotechnology; Copper; Nanoparticle; Chemistry; Virology; Microbiology; Biology; Materials science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002664577,0.000168672,0.0001779332,0.00009099735,0.0007046043,0.00002823394,0.0003751068,0.00008992699,0.00004268245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004614157,0.0001299161,0.00003545795,0.0001831901,0.0006371789,0.00009467115,0.0009838792,0.0001379588,0.00002783569],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007960926,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002917028,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001104849,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.893392e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987952,0.00008744628,0.0003077167,0.0003861804,0.0001536289,0.0002697896],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993846,0.00003890173,0.0001800382,0.0003628404,0.00000352455,0.00003011303],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001467122,0.0002321618,0.001665544,0.000009114979,0.00001719254,0.000001302374,0.00008274958,0.000006104006,0.9570448,0.0008701884,0.0001853681,0.03987084],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003348523,0.00007899033,0.009014176,0.000008388169,0.00002742464,0.00002079303,0.001490517,0.00005174004,0.9795827,0.0005757352,0.008673232,0.0001414763],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968486,0.0003317039,0.0003375278,0.001489033,0.00007135368,0.0007023838,0.00008888355,0.0001035487,0.00002697613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981177,0.0005259092,0.000578561,0.00007325577,0.00001092037,0.0006181872,0.00001603488,0.00001347747,0.00004594493],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03972936,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5419317,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01520853920201941,"score_gpt":0.2274057582652449,"score_spread":0.2121972190632255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}