{"id":"W4225120891","doi":"10.1007/s10763-022-10280-8","title":"Exploring Adolescents’ Critical Reading of Socioscientific Topics Using Multimodal Texts","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education","topic":"Science Education and Pedagogy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Protocol analysis; Reading (process); Argument (complex analysis); Science education; Psychology; Observational study; Cognitive dissonance; Observational methods in psychology; Viewpoints; Reading comprehension; Comprehension; Mathematics education; Social psychology; Computer science; Linguistics; Cognitive science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002197205,0.0003669731,0.0002343784,0.001705772,0.001414406,0.00479712,0.0004866096,0.000906222,0.004977516],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01247365,0.0003271383,0.0002386634,0.0008638239,0.001953018,0.003933492,0.00239408,0.001953407,0.0005145043],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009935877,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000913404,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001526937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003100304,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987708,0.0006650915,0.00005707596,0.000144959,0.0002245505,0.0001376086],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9886124,0.00848076,0.001304546,0.0003219426,0.0008787772,0.0004016538],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004994684,0.00009036453,0.02203755,0.0001277515,0.00001236131,0.0009277592,0.954125,0.00004732052,0.004188502,0.008069407,0.0004889545,0.009835028],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001925189,0.0001210195,0.04537203,0.0005359462,0.00006442899,0.001304061,0.898991,0.0004919627,0.004385399,0.005103513,0.04357423,0.00003703118],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9789231,0.0002117955,0.001690823,0.0004841599,0.00001979833,0.00003298118,0.00005463939,0.00002446404,0.01855821],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966003,0.0001683028,0.0009230895,0.00006890678,0.000007405393,0.0000360776,0.0000372967,0.00002942507,0.002129198],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004977516,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01665145,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2229996831249333,"score_gpt":0.463113183706909,"score_spread":0.2401135005819757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}