{"id":"W4225473843","doi":"10.1177/19485506221083811","title":"Incivility Is Rising Among American Politicians on Twitter","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Social Psychological and Personality Science","topic":"Social Media and Politics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":103,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto; University of Winnipeg","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Incivility; Politics; Social psychology; Social media; Psychology; Media studies; Sociology; Political science; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005347217,0.0001156801,0.0001850898,0.001318767,0.000683109,0.001203086,0.0001964425,0.0004556858,0.002427518],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004524309,0.0001558395,0.0001568498,0.001827995,0.0004044466,0.001258478,0.0006984257,0.0006871907,0.0005338755],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003026356,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002231962,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004809216,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01030043,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999505,0.0001362835,0.00003264503,0.0000918335,0.0001247508,0.0001094928],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9944435,0.00147961,0.002620103,0.0002630156,0.0007270924,0.0004667708],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009586501,0.0000388863,0.9783797,0.00003543124,0.00003499593,0.0001144346,0.003326328,0.00006766471,0.001310339,0.0003544335,0.001597584,0.01464422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001781119,0.00002260292,0.9934264,0.00001323097,0.00001276711,0.00007492834,0.002869365,0.000405723,0.0002869745,0.0001703779,0.002708093,0.00000780626],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946012,0.0001464133,0.0001638821,0.0005664159,0.00002079705,0.000007033657,0.000453244,0.00001255218,0.004028557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989014,0.0001029096,0.0000957535,0.00009395189,0.00004440907,0.00000696058,0.0002760491,0.000005236813,0.0004732892],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004809216,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009562492,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1062005655637067,"score_gpt":0.4301527289939475,"score_spread":0.3239521634302407,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}