{"id":"W4225761145","doi":"10.15185/izawol.247v2","title":"Is there an optimal school starting age?","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IZA World of Labor","topic":"Early Childhood Education and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Mathematics education; Psychology; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002582892,0.0002630489,0.0009644084,0.00109347,0.0008739745,0.002589576,0.0007944135,0.001923029,0.01534508],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009615939,0.0003187763,0.0005438293,0.0009923162,0.0007950645,0.002234509,0.00116928,0.001500734,0.00311909],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002038021,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004027469,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01008575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01623704,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991543,0.0002406929,0.00006182726,0.0001685726,0.000102433,0.0002721619],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9946761,0.001219185,0.00102053,0.0001631887,0.001075366,0.00184561],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001357498,0.001173161,0.4823077,0.001850268,0.0002103896,0.000772858,0.002401371,0.00197386,0.002420112,0.1113917,0.05703507,0.337106],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001787759,0.0006810004,0.6857944,0.004758574,0.0003558159,0.0006769379,0.01021206,0.002102327,0.002632587,0.1683666,0.1241435,0.00009756569],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6250933,0.06114879,0.01441847,0.1402711,0.002439396,0.0002754969,0.008514727,0.0005361441,0.1473026],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9705711,0.01100465,0.005892016,0.004077717,0.0005041572,0.00009731103,0.001315037,0.0001222828,0.006415838],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01534508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05133438,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0290253216206033,"score_gpt":0.3323526594257645,"score_spread":0.3033273378051612,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}