{"id":"W4226083177","doi":"10.1287/mnsc.2022.4305","title":"Customization and Returns","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Management Science","topic":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Purchasing; Product (mathematics); Personalization; Value (mathematics); Stackelberg competition; Marketing; Business; Economics; Rate of return; Key (lock); Industrial organization; Microeconomics; Computer science; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001019465,0.0001071977,0.00007950232,0.0006304576,0.001267316,0.0003933995,0.0005283789,0.000006901569,0.00108572],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001680381,0.0001105501,0.00002335141,0.001492563,0.0002080432,0.001096764,0.001913385,0.00007599164,0.0001191254],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008848392,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005507111,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005452533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005294593,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984604,0.000007651308,0.0001460784,0.0004228791,0.0006608075,0.0003021903],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995849,0.0000054111,0.00009257295,0.0002740535,0.00002851331,0.00001459008],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003654536,0.0001882861,0.02981002,0.000226036,0.00002286989,0.00005563863,0.0002218357,0.002827047,0.0003054159,0.8143324,0.1175214,0.03445254],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004697171,0.00001283223,0.02373242,0.000006278803,0.00003140629,0.000001200061,0.002424311,0.03256259,0.00001027148,0.003704101,0.9367954,0.0002494493],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2228686,0.00006516324,0.0009048072,0.003534261,0.001614833,0.0008294123,0.000001199606,0.000334119,0.7698476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9886774,0.000008918732,0.0002243194,0.005480729,0.0001474488,0.00008786887,0.000006758459,0.00001126522,0.005355245],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.819274,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998274,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01145960376698502,"score_gpt":0.2003676012835651,"score_spread":0.1889079975165801,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}