{"id":"W4226083177","doi":"10.1287/mnsc.2022.4305","title":"Customization and Returns","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Management Science","topic":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Purchasing; Product (mathematics); Personalization; Value (mathematics); Stackelberg competition; Marketing; Business; Economics; Rate of return; Key (lock); Industrial organization; Microeconomics; Computer science; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002262688,0.0007435743,0.0005063299,0.0009178184,0.0007199757,0.004495231,0.0007554877,0.002331958,0.01968501],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01360444,0.0004459686,0.0007296904,0.0008825777,0.003349807,0.005666581,0.002105969,0.001912302,0.001177647],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003171067,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00109137,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003125652,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002542273,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974686,0.0005741603,0.0001515038,0.0006031453,0.0006645082,0.0005382106],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9935637,0.00238864,0.001785658,0.001246514,0.0005672695,0.0004483519],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003065871,0.0003458009,0.02787802,0.0001998922,0.0001649325,0.0008823315,0.0008599719,0.04550665,0.003336744,0.7851622,0.003743558,0.1316133],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009517231,0.0006098927,0.04135021,0.000208318,0.0001682842,0.001200529,0.001425781,0.03621797,0.003678585,0.8602984,0.05460542,0.0001414574],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4669645,0.00344952,0.07792925,0.007759422,0.0001525646,0.0003516993,0.0003686551,0.0003402116,0.4426842],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9792405,0.0008814071,0.002006233,0.0003573115,0.00007150555,0.00004200865,0.00005080149,0.00003854637,0.01731172],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01968501,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06585288,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01145960376698502,"score_gpt":0.2003676012835651,"score_spread":0.1889079975165801,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}