{"id":"W4226133331","doi":"10.1007/s10479-022-04676-6","title":"Measuring individual efficiency and unit influence in centrally managed systems","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annals of Operations Research","topic":"Efficiency Analysis Using DEA","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Data envelopment analysis; Ranking (information retrieval); Computer science; Set (abstract data type); Measure (data warehouse); Projection (relational algebra); Efficient frontier; Mathematical optimization; Production–possibility frontier; Production (economics); Data mining; Mathematics; Algorithm; Economics; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02780548,0.00009317228,0.0002565678,0.002196294,0.001122543,0.000638646,0.001388851,0.00003552226,0.0001468528],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007041089,0.0000824809,0.00004921393,0.005930084,0.0003204721,0.0004683707,0.0008097933,0.0005461504,0.00003161196],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000313075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003145354,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001337678,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004337561,"domain_scores_codex":[0.991212,0.002506633,0.0008121188,0.0005080314,0.004474191,0.0004870887],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964229,0.001290639,0.00006653262,0.0006376554,0.001471959,0.0001103234],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001575131,0.0001973452,0.0303439,0.000008932674,0.00001385482,0.00001993019,0.002442307,0.9561383,0.001303124,0.007793534,0.0003966127,0.001326448],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000781698,0.0005862226,0.4282293,0.0001016377,0.00001340427,0.00003257703,0.0249651,0.5354804,0.001503197,0.002193625,0.005651616,0.0004611751],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952702,0.0009013949,0.00024274,0.00170531,0.00004874513,0.000328402,0.00003060869,0.00001012457,0.001462511],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989485,0.00005121772,0.00008286817,0.00006812844,0.00001153365,0.0000534394,0.00000482484,0.000007092761,0.0007724244],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4206578,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9636879,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.5510430726362899,"score_gpt":0.5103237528431546,"score_spread":0.04071931979313537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}