{"id":"W4226208559","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4068591","title":"Coppice Growth Traits in Sand Dune Willow (Salix Cordata) and Comparisons with Two Common North American Shrub Willows Used for Biomass Production","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Forest ecology and management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Forest Service; Government of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Willow; Coppicing; Shrub; Biomass (ecology); Short rotation coppice; Salicaceae; Woody plant; Environmental science; Agronomy; Salix viminalis; Bioenergy; Short rotation forestry; Agroforestry; Biology; Geography; Botany; Ecology; Biofuel","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000109691,0.0003166681,0.0001784536,0.001065563,0.0003980928,0.0002455789,0.0001795937,0.0001420012,0.0007911327],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002399569,0.00007591461,0.0001557923,0.0005277344,0.0002674785,0.000165112,0.0002638532,0.0001098722,0.0001461514],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005462187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002022588,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03144458,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08911371,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999332,0.00001161336,0.000004223447,0.00001993844,0.00001302538,0.00001808414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997844,0.00003362792,0.00005415067,0.00001203608,0.00003070088,0.00008511301],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001412236,0.0003982869,0.8848219,0.00004732687,0.0001211397,0.0002837544,0.001131492,0.0002006016,0.1014425,0.0001338085,0.0001627781,0.009844183],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002669612,0.00005916298,0.9992058,4.374215e-7,0.000006015324,0.00003579462,0.0001428274,0.00008130607,0.0004049719,0.000006400159,0.00005351944,0.000001180163],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9998451,0.00001018318,0.000007210399,0.000001244624,3.345125e-7,8.190818e-7,0.00003804354,8.22876e-7,0.00009601917],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999485,0.00001963876,0.00004271669,0.000005080117,8.703215e-7,0.000002854926,0.0001863084,0.000002059054,0.000255486],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9685554,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06252313,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006004081901734357,"score_gpt":0.2216377840896588,"score_spread":0.2156337021879245,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}