{"id":"W4230617245","doi":"10.1111/j.0741-6261.2007.00108.x","title":"Making a difference","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The RAND Journal of Economics","topic":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Incentive; Free riding; Economics; Public good; Wage; Compensation (psychology); Microeconomics; Labour economics; Private good; Outcome (game theory); Incentive compatibility; Set (abstract data type)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001670437,0.00005430211,0.0001516974,0.00003977007,0.0003155956,0.00005424026,0.0002724354,0.00002942033,0.00003939554],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003981949,0.00003908926,0.00008621234,0.00003139026,0.0002114402,0.0001202093,0.00003517675,0.0001106943,0.000009450203],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000161781,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006050742,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008284226,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001010704,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993989,0.00003260803,0.0003105671,0.00004793933,0.00003597548,0.000174029],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993719,0.0001806775,0.0002929626,0.00006843646,0.00003610311,0.00004989629],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001271359,0.0003086388,0.1269648,0.00001093107,0.0003915799,0.00004887045,0.1777769,0.0003540338,0.002357472,0.5246544,0.001278695,0.1645823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01041242,0.00106077,0.1524619,0.0003175414,0.0004641994,0.0003294408,0.2871387,0.0002050414,0.01367663,0.2812323,0.2507888,0.001912214],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.968133,0.0005476897,0.0001045732,0.000965653,0.0005509462,0.00005399009,7.830128e-7,0.000003567749,0.02963981],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983031,0.0005897376,0.0003040775,0.0001867946,0.0003717457,3.614742e-7,4.094453e-8,0.000004819191,0.0002393739],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2495101,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2427338,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.105520015050134,"score_gpt":0.3710154389640438,"score_spread":0.2654954239139098,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}