{"id":"W4231521776","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14644440","title":"Strengthening Canadian citizenship: but how and for whose benefit? The rise and fall of (Bill) C24, or towards a hierarchized Canadian citizenship","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Canadian Policy and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Citizenship; Polity; Immigration; Naturalization; Political science; Legislation; Political economy; Public administration; Identity (music); Law; Sociology; Politics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002974307,0.0003361409,0.0003718015,0.001442375,0.02672311,0.01062527,0.001279867,0.002075769,0.007978686],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007377553,0.00018325,0.0004450447,0.002672207,0.01547109,0.003884115,0.004270991,0.003547798,0.0006490533],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.1214749,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.2593558,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9930735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9965439,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9958377,0.0005078008,0.00004995804,0.0003160539,0.001083732,0.002204742],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9941895,0.0003971521,0.0002214288,0.0002249728,0.002103732,0.002863161],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001254319,0.00007680368,0.0398185,0.0003618549,0.00005810837,0.0005812286,0.1366666,0.0003908963,0.0009991201,0.4221198,0.2521126,0.1466891],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002088401,0.00004182863,0.05583005,0.0006199675,0.00005475331,0.0001422005,0.1840831,0.0002460479,0.0004788664,0.01952983,0.7387832,0.0001693672],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2276758,0.01028981,0.001084406,0.4589401,0.001722342,0.00009533866,0.001058948,0.0001109869,0.2990223],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9287975,0.005875716,0.001605399,0.01846894,0.0001504631,0.00003859093,0.00032513,0.00007488106,0.04466326],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1214749,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8813663,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05046644795627849,"score_gpt":0.2918114669867152,"score_spread":0.2413450190304367,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}