{"id":"W4232170308","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2362340","title":"Equity Crowdfunding","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Equity crowdfunding; Equity (law); Business; Economics; Financial economics; Accounting; Initial public offering; Political science; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001216603,0.0002449824,0.0002231463,0.0003190444,0.0004104676,0.001337276,0.0006152645,0.00008832453,0.000435923],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002414831,0.0002244037,0.0001571284,0.0005374969,0.00006903992,0.003955694,0.0003511207,0.001500331,0.003494003],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007567944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003408568,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004975199,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003794451,"domain_scores_codex":[0.995765,0.000007206484,0.0003723938,0.0002790095,0.0003720931,0.00320427],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992087,0.00002629014,0.000341662,0.0001994007,0.0001986469,0.0000253144],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001422342,0.00005881678,0.01037962,0.00003024101,0.00005611719,0.000006024757,0.000009632465,0.00001160714,0.001239735,0.9145034,0.005270692,0.06841991],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005244479,0.00004418256,0.005603122,0.00006238757,0.0000294635,0.0001622657,0.0004127275,0.0005821921,0.00009554941,0.9512456,0.0408007,0.0004373731],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7931374,0.001151092,0.01648166,0.002907654,0.001047657,0.000375277,8.182645e-7,0.000324782,0.1845737],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919729,0.0001356558,0.00006158308,0.0007861865,0.001683424,0.00001462062,0.000003998689,0.00005167187,0.005289957],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1988355,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996994,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01559818601335263,"score_gpt":0.2396274902439408,"score_spread":0.2240293042305882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}