{"id":"W4232737770","doi":"10.3138/utlj.61.4.811","title":"CONSTITUTIONALISM AND THE CRIMINAL LAW: RETHINKING CRIMINAL TRIAL BIFURCATION","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Free Will and Agency","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Acquittal; Punishment (psychology); Certainty; Culpability; Deterrence (psychology); Conviction; Criminal law; Criminology; Law; Sentencing guidelines; Political science; Economics; Law and economics; Psychology; Social psychology; Philosophy; Epistemology; Sentence","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02391547,0.0002867819,0.0009434525,0.001612825,0.005797929,0.0101102,0.001774416,0.006484474,0.003758544],"category_scores_gemma":[0.06737498,0.0006274685,0.001063764,0.000979464,0.03948624,0.01123109,0.00945753,0.01102294,0.0004089951],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007943918,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008544197,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003360515,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003317822,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9802744,0.009598822,0.001207635,0.003180482,0.003650525,0.002088114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9722131,0.01891178,0.002006581,0.003668738,0.001824974,0.001374604],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001356418,0.000006406154,0.0002361624,0.00001102661,0.000003993037,0.0000398721,0.0005045194,0.0003699788,0.0001427379,0.9962197,0.0002015673,0.002250446],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004446324,0.00003643062,0.0006294061,0.0000600648,0.00001413561,0.00005217017,0.0003216397,0.001472595,0.0003215508,0.9902541,0.006769568,0.0000238057],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3331681,0.00441793,0.1748904,0.08470504,0.001217422,0.0002696974,0.0001837191,0.0002469833,0.4009007],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9901703,0.000254309,0.005370995,0.001749175,0.000209877,0.00008054787,0.00001438393,0.0000373473,0.002113116],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02391547,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1264786,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06492241565591172,"score_gpt":0.2304986525385473,"score_spread":0.1655762368826356,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}