{"id":"W4232739886","doi":"10.1061/9780784414088.ch03","title":"Nanomaterial Characterization","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"American Society of Civil Engineers eBooks","topic":"Graphene research and applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Nuclear Laboratories","funders":"","keywords":"Raman spectroscopy; Spectroscopy; Characterization (materials science); Instrumental chemistry; Materials science; Microscopy; Nanotechnology; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Optics; Chemistry; Time-resolved spectroscopy; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002600899,0.0003114575,0.0005342593,0.00007090117,0.00007110039,0.00003866059,0.0003778458,0.0001537964,0.0004463916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008317023,0.0003154057,0.000304217,0.00003919481,0.0008154989,0.00005131713,0.0001047024,0.0001723837,0.0001117639],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000896062,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002556485,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004667561,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007494858,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983125,0.00001591991,0.0003812175,0.0003679668,0.000579953,0.0003423953],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986173,0.00003888299,0.0004081386,0.0004685585,0.000252477,0.0002146221],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002100779,0.00001571229,0.000001281093,0.0001058512,0.0000810897,9.777247e-7,0.0004847419,0.00001101568,0.9502535,0.0229254,0.02128458,0.004814825],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006128993,0.0003818527,0.00005011512,0.0002069777,0.0001190462,0.000009161938,0.0002203646,0.0002189077,0.05558719,0.005288433,0.9363045,0.001000546],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.02484706,0.0003294335,0.01595549,0.0004985562,0.0007751923,0.001679198,0.002548109,0.0007936459,0.9525733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3266942,0.000398968,0.008097801,0.0004432113,0.00133898,0.0002291163,0.001265071,0.0004039833,0.6611286],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9150199,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999298,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02210843219251959,"score_gpt":0.2470646533480672,"score_spread":0.2249562211555476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}