{"id":"W4232818159","doi":"10.1115/1.2750680","title":"Numerical Study of Instability Mechanisms Leading to Transition in Separation Bubbles","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Turbomachinery","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Pratt and Whitney Canada","keywords":"Instability; Mechanics; Turbulence; Reynolds number; Direct numerical simulation; Physics; Vorticity; Bubble; Suction; Vortex; Classical mechanics; Meteorology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002844073,0.0001032265,0.0002924067,0.0002478496,0.00002388964,0.00000703525,0.00009635442,0.00004310701,0.000009840166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002619877,0.00009069587,0.00007379251,0.0002420318,0.000006765036,0.0001759203,0.00000742815,0.0002060406,0.000001801356],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008710759,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001724157,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004163628,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003633699,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998988,0.00004767501,0.0005352612,0.0000771897,0.0002395332,0.0001122891],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996833,0.00003439777,0.00006854801,0.0000959134,0.00005367482,0.00006418042],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006723544,0.0003266568,0.003521563,0.00002517435,0.00002755566,0.00004755047,0.002959959,0.9756622,0.01671278,0.00005400886,0.0000668062,0.0005285027],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001643202,0.001140862,0.09386878,0.00007882049,0.0000306343,0.0001715783,0.0002201383,0.8997462,0.002258776,0.0005678665,0.00003483017,0.0002382602],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9750892,0.00007631176,0.0242139,0.00004635047,0.0002681173,0.0001330119,0.00000231758,0.00001545719,0.0001553121],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986255,0.00001290047,0.001270143,0.00001892114,0.0000506433,0.000002227838,0.000001199341,0.00001356998,0.000004963889],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09034722,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.369847,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01184901123308443,"score_gpt":0.2453385052687243,"score_spread":0.2334894940356398,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}