{"id":"W4234666219","doi":"10.1115/gt2008-51344","title":"Ignition and Flame Speed Kinetics of Two Natural Gas Blends With High Levels of Heavier Hydrocarbons","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Rolls-Royce (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Ignition system; Propane; Combustion; Methane; Laminar flow; Laminar flame speed; Butane; Thermodynamics; Shock tube; Chemical kinetics; Materials science; Chemistry; Kinetics; Premixed flame; Organic chemistry; Combustor; Shock wave; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00001603037,0.0001239057,0.000210227,0.00009460816,0.00001154139,0.000001386579,0.00008596545,0.0000550968,0.00002361128],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000525868,0.0001010585,0.0000235694,0.0002089667,0.0001612832,0.00007861471,0.00004421196,0.0001556209,9.828609e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002036373,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000068434,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001321656,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002594814,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993848,0.000003961211,0.000195267,0.0001316693,0.0001423244,0.0001420142],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999612,0.00005386004,0.00006350449,0.000186497,0.00005661205,0.00002755364],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002274706,0.00003580438,0.000159418,0.00004188388,0.00003565725,0.000007874633,0.00006135148,0.02442827,0.9616895,0.01199765,0.00001396213,0.001505931],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007113771,0.0001055377,0.00076586,0.00004448208,0.00001847951,0.00004940445,0.00004876905,0.01834627,0.9774921,0.002263462,0.00001367414,0.0001406095],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9441986,0.0001032668,0.0537886,0.0001187981,0.00002914808,0.00007479563,0.000008161,0.0002696847,0.001408922],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9660622,0.00002657804,0.03360488,0.000008229091,0.00001300298,0.000002150375,0.000004738803,0.00001724917,0.0002609019],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02186365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4121045,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01501624603490733,"score_gpt":0.2285387933314069,"score_spread":0.2135225472964995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}