{"id":"W4235126425","doi":"10.1002/9780470012505.tar052","title":"Ruin Theory","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Encyclopedia of Actuarial Science","topic":"Probability and Risk Models","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Ruin theory; Poisson distribution; Compound Poisson process; Mathematics; Mathematical economics; Risk theory; Poisson process; First-hitting-time model; Zero-inflated model; Risk model; Econometrics; Actuarial science; Statistics; Poisson regression; Economics; Sociology; Demography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001488696,0.0005339587,0.001094473,0.001790076,0.001356155,0.00262881,0.001441854,0.001612098,0.01746748],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005306408,0.0002656461,0.0007230444,0.001272601,0.003538769,0.0044774,0.001876565,0.001995638,0.001698994],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001885817,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006553624,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001208264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005702608,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998553,0.0004499236,0.00006312164,0.000278729,0.0004180599,0.0002371899],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975334,0.001328792,0.0003075896,0.0003199897,0.0003593907,0.0001507939],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004250052,0.000004710843,0.0000934727,0.00001833458,0.000003016918,0.00003206442,0.00003710963,0.001665833,0.00004342492,0.9930249,0.001540384,0.003532437],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005057553,0.00001069589,0.0002239059,0.0000441863,0.000005189012,0.0001169858,0.00004407334,0.01667701,0.0001178363,0.9686807,0.01406691,0.000007485693],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.04350055,0.01407042,0.3572591,0.005649923,0.0007505701,0.0001114866,0.0004493924,0.000278147,0.5779305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8789452,0.008733456,0.0160036,0.0008558595,0.001496505,0.0001643408,0.0002908217,0.0001455364,0.09336476],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01746748,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05843449,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04022413557180935,"score_gpt":0.3524390537966863,"score_spread":0.312214918224877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}