{"id":"W4235126425","doi":"10.1002/9780470012505.tar052","title":"Ruin Theory","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Encyclopedia of Actuarial Science","topic":"Probability and Risk Models","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Ruin theory; Poisson distribution; Compound Poisson process; Mathematics; Mathematical economics; Risk theory; Poisson process; First-hitting-time model; Zero-inflated model; Risk model; Econometrics; Actuarial science; Statistics; Poisson regression; Economics; Sociology; Demography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.008303238,0.0003183626,0.0006625261,0.0009411872,0.0001842229,0.0001611683,0.004268799,0.0003547347,0.008782535],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008903221,0.000209806,0.0002191808,0.002012658,0.003090617,0.0004239968,0.0005788814,0.000323575,0.001045963],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001149583,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002638244,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002295619,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9936028,0.0002138057,0.000827048,0.001182765,0.003616736,0.0005568437],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961973,0.0008622488,0.0007855099,0.001641778,0.0002328236,0.0002802788],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001180644,0.0003598839,0.0002548009,0.00003836575,0.00003250764,0.00001674904,0.003137954,0.0002389111,0.0002856014,0.4483499,0.3790951,0.1680722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002395461,0.0000644509,0.0002110055,0.00006972735,0.00001426895,0.000002336257,0.00007450625,0.00001415367,0.0001228547,0.4027534,0.5961798,0.0002539901],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003687165,0.0003714116,0.007577502,0.0001780799,0.003658466,0.000437715,0.00006201991,0.0001048775,0.9872412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02111683,0.0006705379,0.007649531,0.0001214621,0.001354355,0.00001691653,0.000003695337,0.0001507886,0.9689159],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2170847,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997318,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04022413557180935,"score_gpt":0.3524390537966863,"score_spread":0.312214918224877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}