{"id":"W4237462899","doi":"10.1111/phpr.12064","title":"Unreliable Knowledge","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Philosophy and Phenomenological Research","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Argument (complex analysis); Epistemology; Successor cardinal; Inference; Philosophy; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000910738,0.0001496281,0.0002467267,0.0001357183,0.0008300776,0.0002358863,0.0002877053,0.0001266194,0.004385293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002508767,0.0001062274,0.00005527723,0.00009274754,0.002287569,0.000220174,0.0002431922,0.0008419061,0.002673327],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002720097,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003840119,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002115762,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000255179,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982481,0.0003258172,0.0002132423,0.0003713817,0.0002571056,0.0005843646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981637,0.0009102549,0.00003114097,0.0002592547,0.000434718,0.0002009579],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001251136,0.000174642,0.00005705843,0.00005960198,0.00002312152,0.000002279352,0.008145821,1.874398e-7,0.00002906834,0.9839659,0.003841066,0.003688754],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001660011,0.0003232073,0.00005277686,0.00001516555,0.000003867709,9.259917e-7,0.001331368,0.00002209492,0.000007006644,0.7760553,0.2219066,0.0001156298],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02186917,0.002795329,0.000006276596,0.007223519,0.0002773493,0.0003323331,0.000009384558,0.0000766035,0.96741],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9817169,0.0003371612,0.00006897199,0.0004126539,0.001387793,0.0001311399,0.000007859189,0.00001459067,0.01592297],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9598477,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9981032,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.439834482939109,"score_gpt":0.391754190091858,"score_spread":0.04808029284725102,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}