{"id":"W4238976769","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14646990.v1","title":"Hearing Audible Minorities: Accent, Discrimination, and the Integration of Immigrants into the Canadian Labour Market","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Linguistics, Language Diversity, and Identity","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Stress (linguistics); Immigration; Linguistics; Psychology; Political science; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004590387,0.0001409333,0.0002131867,0.0001032988,0.0007174838,0.0009892301,0.0002958073,0.00007004656,0.001689791],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001811982,0.00008269052,0.00009331181,0.00002480483,0.0004752577,0.0001078996,0.000375028,0.0002628675,0.000002678127],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009206399,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000245236,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9729149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9937125,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991382,0.0001125065,0.0002232944,0.0001944543,0.0001943716,0.0001372171],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980311,0.00009813056,0.0001217045,0.0002878906,0.001412304,0.00004882713],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002350348,0.0000275668,0.005653059,0.0004872298,0.0001611088,0.000004659362,0.7746772,0.00000272995,6.811446e-7,0.1888249,0.02936137,0.0007759591],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006561169,0.0000136244,0.02583291,0.000368034,0.0002541799,4.115467e-7,0.9343576,0.0006203409,0.00008934065,0.01891525,0.01852906,0.0003630891],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8231843,0.003189293,0.00009597978,0.001504791,0.01507412,0.0007603525,0.0002944504,0.00004190671,0.1558549],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9736267,0.0002962156,0.00005418682,0.0003645008,0.001950725,0.000009404777,0.0000758789,0.000008122846,0.02361431],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1699097,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992228,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0356227886268797,"score_gpt":0.2462064747878165,"score_spread":0.2105836861609368,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}