{"id":"W4239151501","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190458331.003.0002","title":"Why the Growing Concern About Corruption?","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"Oxford University Press eBooks","topic":"Corruption and Economic Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Language change; Government (linguistics); Counterfeit; Democracy; China; Political science; Quarter (Canadian coin); Extortion; Drug trafficking; Action (physics); Economic growth; Development economics; Political corruption; Business; Law; Criminology; Economics; Politics; Sociology; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003985868,0.0001995288,0.0002487598,0.00006779088,0.002406102,0.0002640263,0.001216933,0.0003005713,0.0003101907],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002502603,0.0001992207,0.0001811332,0.000006302472,0.0006893907,0.0003268554,0.0003601869,0.0003573967,0.00001424364],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008274787,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009226071,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001294911,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001395984,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988151,0.0001022869,0.0001487831,0.0003306274,0.0002715196,0.0003317243],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988647,0.00009768257,0.0003220994,0.0004691302,0.00009814225,0.0001482773],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003681024,0.000007320124,0.00002835325,0.00002075534,0.0001099319,0.00003474839,0.006155225,0.000004789618,6.351036e-7,0.8007339,0.1347005,0.05816702],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002476069,0.000007141283,0.00005265969,0.00008510538,0.00005916205,9.766782e-7,0.0009513195,0.000009230283,6.930318e-7,0.0002292463,0.9981004,0.0002564503],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00005783073,0.00004849756,0.000105535,0.0005993568,0.001255526,0.0003900073,0.00003512138,0.0001077837,0.9974003],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0002274399,0.0006066162,0.00002962132,0.0009238367,0.0003936945,0.000001740819,0.00002099032,0.00001777886,0.9977783],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8633999,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988926,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05508500483175278,"score_gpt":0.2682322054816868,"score_spread":0.213147200649934,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}