{"id":"W4239827317","doi":"10.1017/s0008413100004060","title":"An English “like no other”?: Language Contact and Change in Quebec","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Linguistics / La revue canadienne de linguistique","topic":"Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Language contact; Linguistics; Lexicon; Language change; Linguistic change; Corpus linguistics; Sample (material); Term (time); Sound change; Variation (astronomy); Psychology; Sociology; History","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00258055,0.0002090611,0.0003801582,0.000185473,0.000769321,0.0002741488,0.0004949453,0.0002072775,0.00003495316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01919102,0.0001785101,0.00008414058,0.000226721,0.0005241408,0.00004602387,0.00001504278,0.000596615,0.000002135693],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001257242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001823653,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9856133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9995335,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978744,0.0004541131,0.0004922095,0.0001944987,0.0001337218,0.0008509972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963418,0.0005225165,0.0003121732,0.0001987277,0.001750007,0.0008747659],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000273282,0.00003076793,0.09032271,0.00005005135,0.00004841059,0.002158273,0.5594963,0.00004465676,0.00001255815,0.3461967,0.001134006,0.000478159],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005419017,0.000124917,0.05175018,0.0003231048,0.00008449378,0.00003206997,0.02435134,0.000120327,0.000005104641,0.004784006,0.9174355,0.0004470238],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9441502,0.003638625,0.00001258539,0.001148858,0.004251766,0.0003721865,0.0001007783,0.00003186909,0.04629311],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9813504,0.00007502647,0.0004039733,0.0006291535,0.01629729,0.000008258887,0.000005619808,0.00003001128,0.001200264],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9163015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9890708,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01334127193412073,"score_gpt":0.2685829556184329,"score_spread":0.2552416836843122,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}