{"id":"W4239970537","doi":"10.22215/timreview965","title":"Examining the Modes Malware Suppliers Use to Provide Goods and Services","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Technology Innovation Management Review","topic":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Malware; Business; Goods and services; Commerce; Computer security; Industrial organization; Computer science; Economics; Economy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004280902,0.0001339199,0.0001676674,0.0002829302,0.0001734882,0.00006375765,0.0006436787,0.00003453319,0.00001443679],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003303775,0.00007351476,0.00001264865,0.00178878,0.00006828373,0.0004234967,0.0009932609,0.00005534267,0.00004016683],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002260966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004565564,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008727484,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008330399,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989846,0.0000194334,0.0003159227,0.0003301326,0.0001474498,0.0002024577],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991274,0.00003624853,0.0001074242,0.0006367902,0.00007915068,0.00001299492],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[5.600425e-7,0.000004343352,0.001448128,0.0003396124,0.00002990423,0.000001481015,0.00002119733,3.875626e-7,0.0001166832,0.6206354,0.003094454,0.3743079],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002962814,0.00009674992,0.006262272,0.002811469,0.0000629261,0.000006899725,0.0002324265,0.00005507539,0.0005597194,0.008627249,0.9806845,0.0003043896],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07643501,0.01800119,0.6027391,0.2768197,0.0002749393,0.006031993,0.000007481905,0.002184674,0.01750594],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8904969,0.03834704,0.03543684,0.03076699,0.00003005051,0.001001631,0.000006705873,0.00002259859,0.003891243],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9775901,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2997845,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03955142038108414,"score_gpt":0.2798813857203055,"score_spread":0.2403299653392214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}