{"id":"W4241334353","doi":"10.3138/cpp.35.4.389","title":"Taxes, Transfers, and Canadian Income Inequality","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Public Policy","topic":"Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Statistics Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Undoing; Labour economics; Transfer payment; Inequality; Gross income; Income distribution; Economic inequality; State income tax; Income tax; Income inequality metrics; Tax reform; Public economics; Market economy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005494716,0.0002484119,0.0002194833,0.002520827,0.005248527,0.001839801,0.0006002042,0.000373639,0.00883672],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002408599,0.0000827519,0.0003185889,0.004389978,0.001563355,0.0006277762,0.001241311,0.000857055,0.0001863375],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.05867871,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.04130575,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9949286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9974383,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999115,0.00004527729,0.00001140631,0.00005273105,0.0002779165,0.0004976219],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991097,0.00008837617,0.0001506359,0.00002732945,0.0003982137,0.0002257275],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002809044,0.0001374138,0.5082844,0.0001656348,0.00009254229,0.0004845522,0.01162113,0.003993515,0.0006976727,0.2948835,0.03115517,0.1482035],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002641399,0.00002686388,0.8841867,0.0001990602,0.00006007656,0.0001138597,0.008964978,0.002141057,0.0004502845,0.01104928,0.09273337,0.0000480783],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7234377,0.007538878,0.000800979,0.01564759,0.0001327472,0.0000486341,0.003775604,0.00004456408,0.2485732],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9851094,0.002501605,0.0002566719,0.0003597189,0.00002148632,0.000008384735,0.0005253087,0.000007693254,0.01120969],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05867871,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4257458,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02675285249187233,"score_gpt":0.2816017451127977,"score_spread":0.2548488926209254,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}