{"id":"W4241358974","doi":"10.55365/1923.x2021.19.30","title":"Impact of Construction Industry on Economic Growth in Africa: Granger Causality and GMM Estimation of Dynamic Panel Models","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Review of Economics and Finance","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Granger causality; Economics; Panel data; Generalized method of moments; Gross domestic product; Econometrics; Estimation; Causality (physics); Per capita; Value (mathematics); Macroeconomics; Mathematics; Statistics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001527532,0.0004564414,0.0004097458,0.001169598,0.0002350639,0.0009950475,0.0002221542,0.0003261191,0.001339918],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005259854,0.0002159768,0.0005363676,0.002237758,0.0002882949,0.0006752908,0.0007833716,0.0008432103,0.0001938313],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004791211,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007069922,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01300077,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009921367,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993485,0.0004421707,0.00002014603,0.00005541762,0.00005338821,0.0000804951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975541,0.001836975,0.0003605612,0.00008367601,0.0001188263,0.00004589174],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004185978,0.0002541693,0.4626019,0.0005076868,0.0009476014,0.001451105,0.0008939533,0.354259,0.00238172,0.03647259,0.004154104,0.1356575],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006816802,0.0003327607,0.3672672,0.0003779793,0.0007905419,0.0003937386,0.001927243,0.5788364,0.003281357,0.02904276,0.01758922,0.00009254083],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9654183,0.004045228,0.02279813,0.0008443669,0.00004538151,0.00003511262,0.001020793,0.00005903633,0.005733692],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9914165,0.003407614,0.003486048,0.00003353501,0.00002576545,0.00001968851,0.000785528,0.00001064811,0.0008146124],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01300077,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02585024,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05425628664682295,"score_gpt":0.2585378006619469,"score_spread":0.204281514015124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}