{"id":"W4241537521","doi":"10.1002/14356007.a15_193.pub3","title":"Lead","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"reference-entry","venue":"Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry","topic":"Extraction and Separation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Vale (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Smelting; Lead smelting; Metallurgy; Roasting; Scrap; Refining (metallurgy); Slag (welding); Blast furnace; Flash smelting; Sintering; Bullion; Pig iron; Materials science; Waste management; Environmental science; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001452352,0.0005227653,0.0007560223,0.00009800288,0.00005312847,0.00004172623,0.0004676839,0.001790191,0.00188079],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002779521,0.0005505458,0.0002074427,0.0002384788,0.00008350897,0.0001240162,0.00004826681,0.001527163,0.0001517216],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001140825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003263761,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001290426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003920629,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978946,0.00001940995,0.0008320637,0.0003854211,0.0004926395,0.0003759042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987407,0.0001408049,0.0003057035,0.0004803473,0.000157817,0.0001746605],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001795916,0.00003515679,0.00005274708,0.001072109,0.0001006094,0.000005082833,0.0000397449,0.0003095834,0.0001040436,0.00001906638,0.970017,0.02822696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005276997,0.000018169,0.000002372536,0.0004681972,0.00008565791,0.00000969043,0.00004481175,0.0001157947,0.009065078,0.00006307621,0.9890815,0.0005179772],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.001649197,0.002800499,0.0001301803,0.00004371105,0.002948231,0.0001708041,0.0001832644,0.0003585303,0.9917156],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01019398,0.1256366,0.0002273972,0.00005651426,0.01487527,0.0001169477,0.002460523,0.0002703773,0.8461624],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1455532,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996946,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02506830748174495,"score_gpt":0.2441870077445397,"score_spread":0.2191187002627948,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}