{"id":"W4242867252","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14668368.v1","title":"Power system protection","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Power Systems Fault Detection","field":"Engineering","cited_by":501,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Reliability engineering; Electric power system; Electric power transmission; Transformer; Power transmission; Computer science; Power-system protection; Generator (circuit theory); Engineering; Fault (geology); Power (physics); Control engineering; Electrical engineering; Voltage","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001449518,0.0002488445,0.0002895106,0.0001343004,0.00002978788,0.0001484634,0.0001279592,0.0004684997,0.0001006017],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001072996,0.0002626032,0.0001299589,0.000121826,0.000005801629,0.00007363065,0.0001262449,0.0005828745,0.0001645164],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005642623,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003012711,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001448629,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003763636,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989379,0.0000454708,0.0003088545,0.0003087246,0.0002053137,0.0001937306],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999264,0.000005447716,0.0000458514,0.0005510316,0.0000749129,0.00005873803],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000802877,0.0002683616,0.0003414314,0.08719175,0.005730019,0.001083413,0.009578401,0.5124689,0.2459427,0.002465187,0.03748577,0.09736373],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006946963,0.00008671519,0.0008734782,0.004896183,0.0001252052,0.0008435771,0.003881653,0.7022898,0.1383138,0.00004779757,0.1450335,0.002913534],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08798887,0.0007392196,0.724568,0.00001483832,0.02085537,0.001062117,0.000009328423,0.006118105,0.1586442],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983079,0.0000050113,0.0003916412,0.00000328159,0.0002149748,0.0003194844,0.0000120854,0.00007108849,0.0006744606],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9103191,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999826,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009486318989901254,"score_gpt":0.1992320588188379,"score_spread":0.1897457398289367,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}