{"id":"W4243395557","doi":"10.1177/0002764220941238","title":"Party Positions, Income Inequality, and Voter Turnout in Canada, 1984-2015","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Behavioral Scientist","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Turnout; Inequality; Economic inequality; Demographic economics; Redistribution (election); Manifesto; Economics; Income distribution; Politics; Political science; Development economics; Voting; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002858038,0.00008983187,0.0001939236,0.00003424953,0.000238281,0.0001013626,0.0001389671,0.00002482803,0.0001048291],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006970909,0.000085821,0.00002105884,0.0007964015,0.0004653844,0.0001746057,0.00005336622,0.0001145913,0.00001886399],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003938898,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005958539,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.995427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9950829,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983861,0.0002626015,0.0002567499,0.0002490811,0.0004115212,0.0004339231],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992363,0.00004139286,0.00008659112,0.00009538438,0.0000639837,0.000476306],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005884059,0.00002718749,0.992735,0.000004021253,0.00000117441,0.00001357863,0.001341732,0.000001556457,0.0001861007,0.002283372,0.001272808,0.00212758],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001497979,0.000128098,0.9895949,0.00001503207,0.0000125036,8.090108e-7,0.001146773,0.0000516532,0.00003483874,0.0001612574,0.008512378,0.0001919526],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9858542,0.00002536497,0.0000169229,0.01325809,0.0001516466,0.0001714249,0.00005440494,0.00002315958,0.0004448031],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988301,0.000001833434,0.00006086238,0.0008795154,0.0001046869,0.00001543582,0.00001219897,0.000005853243,0.00008945692],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01297597,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3499679,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0478619001719499,"score_gpt":0.3705225751371189,"score_spread":0.322660674965169,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}