{"id":"W4244820020","doi":"10.1002/ange.201505817","title":"Stable Encapsulated Air Nanobubbles in Water","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Angewandte Chemie","topic":"Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Kingston General Hospital; Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Microbubbles; Sonication; Micrometer; Capillary action; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Drug delivery; Ultrasound; Dispersion (optics); Bubble; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Optics; Radiology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001943492,0.00007778485,0.00008524529,0.00002554762,0.00002300382,0.00001273461,0.00009316572,0.00005091964,0.002221367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001681106,0.00005764948,0.00001768719,0.0001183138,0.00003995593,0.0001983977,0.00005356923,0.00005118772,0.0006369025],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009271964,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006747392,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003951999,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002120647,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993582,0.00001651135,0.0001398882,0.000153854,0.0001567476,0.0001747876],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997609,0.000005715,0.00001891815,0.0001231224,0.00000943353,0.00008191809],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001082354,0.00004228628,0.00530526,0.000002298882,0.000001686159,0.000006318941,0.001318097,0.000168766,0.9152065,0.00003167254,0.07773067,0.0001756204],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000229251,0.00001537651,0.0006689827,0.000003179933,0.0000012147,0.000001617824,0.00006025236,0.00006485112,0.8971541,0.0007787384,0.1009339,0.00008856231],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9146223,0.00002809984,0.00004975262,0.0004237049,0.00003605941,0.00009794902,0.000001689334,0.00008975,0.08465068],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9896651,0.00001064657,0.0005958765,0.0005473682,0.00001532948,0.00002180514,0.00004044488,0.000007711496,0.009095748],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07555494,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986907,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02500502623162764,"score_gpt":0.2518389795237976,"score_spread":0.2268339532921699,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}