{"id":"W4244975062","doi":"10.26565/2310-9513-2019-9-14","title":"Research of existing tax systems in advanced economic countries","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics and International Relations","topic":"Economic Issues in Ukraine","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"International taxation; Personal income; State income tax; Double taxation; Income tax; Equity (law); Economics; Tax reform; Public economics; Business; Economic policy; Economic growth; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001417458,0.0001253008,0.0002321875,0.004495349,0.001378741,0.003515171,0.0004129488,0.0002707718,0.003825999],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003915395,0.0001390459,0.00033968,0.006809328,0.001035078,0.002401442,0.0008443218,0.0004809432,0.0003965421],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004902499,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003212057,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00738541,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004940343,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986015,0.0005350985,0.0001331813,0.0001901138,0.000358078,0.0001820423],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983199,0.0003326603,0.0003426569,0.0001801218,0.0007107902,0.0001138385],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001796743,0.0001361519,0.1471755,0.0004048891,0.00006952177,0.0004652079,0.006832958,0.01614647,0.0009469927,0.712088,0.001709592,0.113845],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007787681,0.0005747152,0.5720217,0.001198722,0.0001905497,0.001065622,0.03299383,0.04458489,0.003838122,0.124234,0.2191318,0.00008815161],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8790565,0.002445646,0.01057278,0.0004735724,0.00006960271,0.0002280851,0.0008321647,0.00004652139,0.1062752],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9891717,0.001325696,0.003793457,0.00001920768,0.00001274742,0.00003989683,0.0003968923,0.000008413732,0.005232001],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00738541,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03557026,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09933886459029631,"score_gpt":0.3410669482869131,"score_spread":0.2417280836966168,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}