{"id":"W4246570230","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14648604","title":"Variable versus Constant Flow Performance Investigations for Photovoltaic-Thermal Panels","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Concordia University","keywords":"TRNSYS; Heat exchanger; Thermal; Photovoltaic system; Nuclear engineering; Volumetric flow rate; Environmental science; Constant (computer programming); Flow (mathematics); Thermal energy storage; Mechanics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Process engineering; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Computer science; Physics; Electrical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005862782,0.0002873717,0.0004528368,0.0004114747,0.0003904395,0.0006160226,0.000615713,0.0004569651,0.001432908],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008743889,0.0001646682,0.0004306981,0.000519814,0.000416124,0.0006020252,0.00021531,0.0004254506,0.0001838782],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006293767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003087369,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002257653,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001495247,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997935,0.00004276558,0.000007765526,0.00004612994,0.00007612536,0.00003377401],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996209,0.000222309,0.00003832327,0.00003703125,0.0000707361,0.00001060469],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005513636,0.0003609166,0.004272202,0.0002698591,0.00003255589,0.0001661232,0.000144613,0.798103,0.1643005,0.001912962,0.0003791001,0.02950671],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003437776,0.0006226973,0.003041207,0.00001253757,0.00002283462,0.00004139407,0.00004056751,0.8502478,0.1447607,0.0003892136,0.000766637,0.00001998111],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9594626,0.0005448876,0.0360494,0.00006596019,0.00002163827,0.00004944992,0.0002235349,0.0002828747,0.00329974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966214,0.0001307869,0.002762454,0.000005689263,0.00000292056,0.00001408316,0.00004849613,0.00001760104,0.0003965866],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002257653,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004793525,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05285915637189893,"score_gpt":0.2552189414140019,"score_spread":0.2023597850421029,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}