{"id":"W4247160076","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2223031","title":"A Quarter Century of Shareholder Activism: A Survey of Empirical Findings","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Elite Sociology and Global Capitalism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Shareholder; Empirical evidence; Business; Accounting; Demographic economics; Political science; Economics; Corporate governance; Geography; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009618101,0.0002111402,0.0004431883,0.004206071,0.00130241,0.005751086,0.0009571521,0.002277293,0.007646323],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03989406,0.0003223633,0.0003553587,0.009047501,0.00503441,0.007881485,0.002496535,0.002769439,0.0006244754],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001917917,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002672819,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004026301,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005685867,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9957947,0.001428736,0.0004552564,0.0007780004,0.001033921,0.0005094538],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9070426,0.06206924,0.01938918,0.003476527,0.006021589,0.002000871],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006156012,0.0004144492,0.4258702,0.003196626,0.0002554307,0.0004681403,0.03886504,0.0002337927,0.001280482,0.04327639,0.01714577,0.4683782],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002441657,0.0002171386,0.7467632,0.006432345,0.0001204583,0.0008008656,0.08186386,0.0003653955,0.0008916946,0.01275293,0.149713,0.00005478314],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.7368341,0.1850625,0.001251914,0.04718712,0.0006144433,0.00004132767,0.0009311914,0.00002418096,0.02805323],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9293385,0.06058912,0.000357448,0.006168596,0.0009934009,0.00003795151,0.0005302394,0.00003355853,0.001951113],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009618101,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05086601,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02585339627730593,"score_gpt":0.3272811858153298,"score_spread":0.3014277895380238,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}